Data Type in C++

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• C++ language is rich in its data type.

• Data type tells the type of data, that you are going to store in memory.

• It gives the information to compiler that how much memory ( No. of bytes ) will be stored by the data.

I. Primitive Data Types :

Type	Size	Description
char	1 byte	Used for characters or integer variables.
int	2 or 4 bytes	Used for integer values.
float	4 bytes	Single precision floating point values.
double	8 bytes	Double precision floating point values.
wchar_t	2 or 4 bytes	Wide character.
bool	1 bytes	Boolean ( True or False ).

Modifier	Description
long	Forces a type int to be 4 bytes (32 bits) long and forces a type double to be larger than a double (but the actual size is implementation defined). Cannot be used with short.
short	Forces a type int to be 2 bytes (16 bits) long. Cannot be used with long.
unsigned	Causes the compiler (and CPU) to treat the number as containing only positive values. Because a 16-bit signed integer can hold values between – 32,768 and 32,767, an unsigned integer can hold values between 0 and 65,535. The unsigned modifier can be used with char, long, and short (integer) types.

II. Derived Data Types :

• 1. Array Discuss later.
• 2. Pointer Discuss later.
• 3. Function Discuss later.

III. User Defined Data Types :

1. Enum

An enumeration is a set of named integer constants. Enumerations are common in everyday life. For example, an enumeration of the day is Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday.

To create an enumeration we use the keyword enum.

Syntax :

example:

#include< iostream >
int main()
{
 int i;
 enum day {MON,TUE,WED,THU,FRI,SAT,SUN};
  for(i=MON;i<=SUN;i++) {
      cout << i;
  }
return 0;
}

OUTPUT

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

2. Typedef

The C++ programming language provides a keyword called typedef, which you can use to give a type, a new name.

Typedef can be used to simplify the real commands as per our need.

Syntax :

example:
Now, the following declaration is perfectly legal and creates an integer variable called distance:

#include< iostream >
typedef char* string;
int main()
{
 int i;
 string name;
 cout <<"Enter Name: ";
 cin >>name;
 cout <<"----------" << endl;
 cout << name << "!!";
 return 0;
}
  

OUTPUT

Enter Name: Prowessapps
----------------
Hi Prowessapps!!

Next topic is variable in C++

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